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depth 0m · surfaceToddler

1–2 years.

Walking by 14 months. First real words by 12. The leap from baby to small person, in roughly 365 days.

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Nomi Radio
The shoals· depth 5m

The research swims past.

Reach in and pull out a question. The full archive is below.

Social & EmotionalTwo toddlers sitting side by side on a playmat each building their own block tower while a mother watches calmly in the background — parallel play toddler development

Parallel Play in Toddlers: Why Side-by-Side Is the Social Work

Your toddler spent the entire playdate building separate towers, and nobody shared a single block. That counted — more than it looked. A 2025 longitudinal study found that playing beside a specific child consistently predicted later social play with that same child, but not the other way around. Here's what parallel play in toddlers actually is, why the science calls it strategic rather than passive, and what it means for how you run a playdate.

15 min readRead →
SleepMother watching sleeping 8-month-old baby on cream blanket, watercolor illustration

When to Drop a Nap: What the Charts Don't Tell You

Every chart gives you age ranges. What none of them explain is why those ranges exist — and why two toddlers the same age can have completely different transitions. Here's what the neuroscience says, including what happens to night sleep and whether quiet time does anything.

9 min readRead →
SleepEighteen-month-old toddler pulling up to stand on a low padded ottoman with mother watching nearby — gross motor milestone associated with toddler sleep disruption

Baby Sleep Regression: Ages, Signs and What to Do

"Sleep regression" has been in every parenting app for twenty years. There is no medical definition for it. What research actually tracks is something more specific: the week your baby learns to crawl, pull to stand, or walk — and what that means for the nights that follow. Why earlier crawlers wake more than later ones, why the four-month change is permanent, and the only intervention with randomized trial evidence behind it.

12 min readRead →
Social & EmotionalFather crouched calmly beside two-year-old toddler lying on grocery store floor mid-tantrum — illustrating how to discipline a toddler without yelling

How to Discipline a Toddler Without Yelling: The Neuroscience Behind What Works

When a two-year-old is face-down on the grocery store floor screaming about the wrong yogurt pouch, "just say no" isn't failing because you're doing it wrong — it's failing because the part of the brain that could make "stop" happen is still being built. Here's what the neuroscience of toddler discipline actually looks like, and which techniques work because of that biology, not despite it.

13 min readRead →
Feeding & NutritionToddler reaching toward a plate of colorful soft food pieces — illustrating toddler meal ideas and self-directed food exploration at ages 1–3

Toddler Meal Ideas: What Research Says About What Goes on the Plate

Most toddler meal articles hand you a list of fifty recipes and send you on your way. This one starts somewhere different: with the research finding that what goes on the plate is only part of what determines whether a meal goes smoothly. Evidence-based meal ideas for fussy eaters ages 1–3, organized by the nutritional priorities that actually matter at this age (iron, zinc, and dietary variety) plus the mealtime structure that research links to less refusal.

14 min readRead →
ParentingMother sitting calmly on floor with upset toddler during tantrum — gentle parenting in practice

Gentle Parenting: What the Research Says

Everyone cites the same study as proof gentle parenting works — or doesn't. The problem: that study never looked at a single child. Here's what the research shows, which behaviors have 40 years of evidence behind them, and the one condition that decides whether any of it works.

11 min readRead →
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Uncharted· depth 50m

Reefs in progress.

Coming soon

Online activities

Crosswords, color-alongs, gentle games.

Coming soon

Books we love

A reading list with the why behind each title.